Liquid distribution apparatus for distributing liquid into a seed furrow

ABSTRACT

An extension for use with a planter, drill, or other farming implement having a seed tube that deposits seed in a furrow. The extension defines protrusions for attaching one or more liquid distribution apparatuses arranged to distribute liquid in a furrow well above the seeds, on the seeds, or both.

INCORPORATION BY REFERENCE

This application is related to U.S. application Ser. No. 11/582,154entitled “Liquid Distribution Apparatus for Distributing Liquid into aSeed Furrow” and filed on Oct. 16, 2006, which is a continuation of U.S.application Ser. No. 10/819,595 entitled “Liquid Distribution Apparatusfor Distributing Liquid into a Seed Furrow” and filed on Apr. 6, 2004,now U.S. Pat. No. 7,121,216, which is a continuation-in part of U.S.application Ser. No. 10/228,688 entitled “Liquid Distribution Apparatusfor Distributing Liquid into a Seed Furrow” filed Aug. 26, 2002, nowU.S. Pat. No. 6,763,773, which is a continuation-in-part of Ser. No.09/832,740 entitled “Liquid Distribution Apparatus for DistributingLiquid Into a Seed Furrow” and filed Apr. 9, 2001, now U.S. Pat. No.6,453,832, which is a non-provisional application claiming priority toU.S. Provisional Application No. 60/195,942 filed Apr. 10, 2000, andwhich is a continuation-in-part of U.S. application Ser. No. 09/563,106entitled “Extension for Reducing Seed Bounce and Associated HoseAttachment” filed May 2, 2000, now U.S. Pat. No. 6,283,050, which is acontinuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 08/881,177 entitled “Extensionfor Reducing Seed Bounce and Associated Attachment Brackets” filed Jun.23, 1997, now U.S. Pat. No. 6,082,275, which is a continuation-in-partof U.S. application Ser. No. 08/550,088 entitled “Extension for ReducingSeed Bounce” filed Oct. 30, 1995, now U.S. Pat. No. 5,640,915. Thecontents of these applications are hereby incorporated by reference intheir entirety.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to agricultural seed planters and drills, and moreparticularly to seed planters and drills that include apparatus adaptedto properly place seeds in a seed furrow and further include liquiddistribution apparatus for distributing liquids within the seed furrow.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Agricultural seed planting is typically accomplished by multi-rowplanters and drills. Each planter and drill comprises a plurality of rowunits adapted for opening a seed furrow, depositing seeds within thefurrow, and closing the seed furrow around the seeds.

The placement of the seeds in the furrow greatly effects the growthcharacteristics of the plants. The seeds are deposited in the seedfurrow through a seed tube attached to the row unit. The seed tube isdesigned to deposit the seeds in the bottom of the furrow. However, asthe seeds descend through the seed tube, they are prone to bouncing,which ultimately affects where the seeds lie in the furrow. In addition,the seeds may bounce off the soil when they land in the furrow, whichalso affects where the seeds lie in the furrow. To properly place theseeds in the bottom of the furrow an extension may be fixed to the seedtube to properly direct the seeds into the vertex of the furrow.

In addition to properly placing the seeds in the vertex of the furrow,it is oftentimes also desirable to provide various liquids in the furrowalong with the seeds to facilitate plant growth and the ultimate cropyield. The liquids included in the furrow may be liquid fertilizers,liquid insecticides, liquid starters, inoculants, and water. However,problems can arise when providing liquid directly into the furrow alongwith the seeds. Drenching the seed in fertilizer may result in burningthe seed, which has a negative impact on plant growth and the ultimatecrop yield. Accordingly, it is desirable to place liquids in the furrowalong with the seeds without drenching seeds. In some instances, it isdesirable to place liquid in the furrow well above the seeds to furtheravoid the risk that the liquid will come in contact with the seeds.Distributing a liquid higher on the seed V walls also allows a higherconcentration of fertilizer, insecticide, or other liquid to bedistributed in the furrow without negatively impacting seed growth.

Numerous benefits are derived from in-furrow liquid distribution, suchas maximizing the effectiveness of the liquid introduced into thefurrow, in some situations reducing the volume of a particular liquidrequired to achieve a desired effect in other situations increasing thevolume or concentration of a liquid to achieve a desired effect, andminimizing the time required for a particular liquid to effect the seed.

Liquid fertilizer placement disks may be added to the planter row unitsfor placing liquid in a separate trench next to the seed furrow. Theliquid fertilizer placement disks create a trench about 2 inches to theside of the seed furrow and about two inches deep and deposit liquidinto the trench, which is commonly referred to as 2×2 fertilizerapplication. The liquid fertilizer disks, however, are very expensive,require large amounts of fertilizer because of the remote location fromthe seeds, and do not provide for in-furrow distribution of liquid.

Referring to FIGS. 1A-1E, an in-furrow liquid dispensing device isillustrated, the device connected with a KEETON SEED FIRMER™. The seedfirmer is adapted to press seeds into the seed furrow as shown in FIG.1A. The device includes a diverter, which is shown in FIG. 1D and shownin section in FIG. 1F, plugged into a hose running along the length ofthe seed firmer. The diverter defines a first liquid diversion channeland a second liquid diversion channel for diverting liquid adjacent theseeds embedded in the furrow by the seed firmer as shown in FIG. 1B.Referring to FIGS. 1F-1G, a liquid dispensing device as illustrated inU.S. Pat. No. 6,082,274 to Jeffrey Peter is shown connected with aKeeton Seed Firmer.

There are several potential disadvantages and problems with the liquiddispensing devices illustrated in FIGS. 1A-1G. One potential problem isthat these liquid dispensing devices have small diameter openings forthe liquids to pass through. For example, the liquid diversion channelsof the diverter are about 1/16″ diameter outlets. Heavier fertilizers insome instances do not flow evenly from these small diameter outlets.Additionally, when used with heavy materials such as fertilizer thatrequire a larger opening to pass through, these devices may plug-up andstop the flow of material. When plugging occurs, inadequate amounts ofproduct will be placed in the furrow by the plugged lines.

Another problem is that to avoid plugging, the liquid must be dilutedwith water. For heavy liquid fertilizers, it has been found that theliquid dispensing device in some instances functions most efficiently ifthe liquid fertilizer is diluted so that the fertilizer flows evenly andwithout plugging. Diluting the fertilizer, however, causes problems forthe application because to obtain the appropriate amount of liquid inthe furrow a greater volume of liquid (fertilizer diluted with water)has to be delivered into the furrow through the smaller holes in thedelivery system. The greater volume of liquid in the furrow additionallyproduces wetness in the furrow that can cause the press wheels to buildup with mud, which, in turn, leads to closing problems with the presswheels.

Another important consideration is location—just where in the furrow theliquid is placed. The devices illustrated in FIGS. 1A-1G in someinstances distribute liquid on the seeds, or oftentimes within ¼″ oneach side of the seeds in the furrow. Accordingly, the seeds are manytimes drenched in liquid, or the liquid is within from about ⅛″ to about¼″ of the seed. Besides the unwanted effects caused by drenching theseeds in some liquids, putting any fertilizer in such close proximity tothe seed, especially in drier soil, draws the moisture out of the soilaround it, pulling it in close to the seed. The concentration of liquidadjacent the seed may cause it to germinate more quickly than it wouldhave under normal conditions, and early growth may be accelerated. Ifdry soil conditions persist, then the seed may run out of moisture forthe taproot and nodule roots to pick up, which may stunt the growth ofthe emerging crop and in some instances result in the death of the crop.

It is to overcome the problems that arise when seeds are directlyimmersed in various liquids and the cost and effectiveness of otherdevices that may be used to introduce liquids into a furrow that thepresent invention and its various embodiments were developed.

There are some instances, however, when it is preferable to distributeliquids such as fertilizer directly on the seeds in the furrow, as maybe achieved with a single outlet hose device. Accordingly, it wasrecognized that it would be desirable to provide a single device thatmay distribute liquid in the furrow without drenching the seeds, andhave the same device be convertible to also distribute fertilizerdirectly on the seeds, as needs dictate. This convertible embodiment ofthe present invention would have the benefit of allowing farmers toquickly reconfigure the device from, for example, a seed drenchingconfiguration to an in-furrow liquid distribution that does not drenchthe seeds.

It was further recognized that it would be beneficial to be able toreconfigure the device from a single outlet configuration to atwo-outlet configuration, or vice versa, at the liquid supply tank or atthe extension. If reconfigured at the extension, such reconfigurationshould be consistently achieved. Furthermore, when the liquiddistribution device is being used, the risk that it is inadvertentlydislodged by debris in the furrow, the jostling of the tractor, and thelike, or misoriented during installation or reconfiguration should belessened to the extent possible so that liquids are not deposited inunintended portions of the furrow. It was also recognized that it wouldbe desirable to be able to distribute one type of liquid directly on theseed while distributing a second liquid adjacent the seeds.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

One aspect of the present invention involves an extension that may beused with a planter, drill or other farm machine. Particularly, theextension may be used with a farm machine for placing seeds and liquidinto a furrow. The planter may include a liquid supply hose for use indistributing liquid into the seed furrow. The seed furrow typicallyincludes a centrally located bottom portion and first and secondsidewalls, the sidewalls extending upwardly and outwardly from thecentrally located bottom portion of the furrow. The extension mayinclude an elongate flexible body member defining a generally arcuateshape, which provides a generally downwardly and rearwardly sweepingorientation, and also defining an upper segment and a lower segment. Theupper segment may be attached to the farm machine.

The lower segment may be configured to depend downwardly and rearwardlyfrom the farm machine and extend into the furrow. The lower segment maydefine a hole extending from an upper to a lower surface of the lowersegment.

A fluid distribution member may include a fluid inlet in fluidcommunication with the liquid supply hose. The fluid distribution membermay also include a fluid outlet in fluid communication with the hole inthe lower segment of the extension. The fluid distribution member mayfurther include a fluid passage for fluidly joining the fluid inlet withthe fluid outlet. In some embodiments, first and second protrusionsextend from the lower segment, and are adapted to support the fluiddistribution member therebetween.

Embodiments of the present invention may be used to distribute liquiddirectly on the seeds in the vertex of the furrow depending on theliquid being applied. Embodiments of the present invention may also bereadily converted from a configuration that deposits liquids directly onthe seeds in the vertex of the furrow to a configuration that depositsliquid well above the seeds along the sidewalls of the furrow, or viceversa. Embodiments of the present invention may also be configured todistribute more than one type of liquid into the furrow. Embodiments ofthe present invention may also direct seeds into the vertex of thefurrow.

The foregoing and other features, utilities and advantages of theinvention will be apparent from the following more particulardescription of various embodiments of the present invention asillustrated in the accompanying drawings.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1A is side view of a Keeton Seed Firmer™ having an in-furrow liquiddispensing device connected therewith;

FIG. 1B is a section view taken along line B-B of FIG. 1A;

FIG. 1C is a perspective view of the Keeton Seed Firmer having anin-furrow liquid dispensing device connected therewith;

FIG. 1D is a perspective view of a diverter for use with the in-furrowliquid dispensing device of FIGS. 1A and 1C;

FIG. 1E is a section view taken along line E-E of FIG. 1B;

FIG. 1F is a side view of a liquid dispenser for a seed planter as shownin U.S. Pat. No. 6,082,274, the liquid dispenser connected with a KeetonSeed Firmer™;

FIG. 1G is a front view of the liquid dispenser illustrated in FIG. 1F;

FIG. 2 is a side view of a tractor pulling an agricultural planter andassociated liquid container;

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a planter encompassing one embodiment ofthe liquid distribution apparatus of the present invention, andillustrates a tractor pulling an agricultural planter including aplurality of row units;

FIG. 4 is section taken along line 4-4 of FIG. 3, and illustrates a rowunit having a hopper, a metering unit, a gage wheel, a closing wheel, adouble disk blade furrow opener, and a seed tube depending from themetering unit with one embodiment of an extension for reducing seedbounce, with one embodiment of the liquid distribution apparatusdepending from the attachment;

FIG. 5 is a section taken along line 5-5 of FIG. 4, and illustrates theliquid distribution apparatus connected to a liquid supply hose andattached to the extension;

FIG. 6 is a section taken along line 6-6 of FIG. 5, and illustrates theliquid distribution apparatus dispersing liquid unto the sidewalls of aseed furrow;

FIG. 7 is a top view of one embodiment of the liquid distributionapparatus of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a perspective view of a seed tube, one embodiment of anextension for reducing seed bounce, and a liquid supply hose, with oneembodiment of the liquid distribution apparatus of the present inventionconnected to the liquid supply hose and fixed to the extension;

FIG. 9 is an exploded view showing a seed tube, one embodiment of theextension for reducing seed bounce, a liquid supply hose and the liquiddistribution apparatus of the present invention, with a mountingapparatus for mounting the extension to the seed tube;

FIG. 10 is a perspective view of a Case/IH model planter with oneembodiment of the liquid distribution apparatus;

FIG. 11 is an exploded view of the Case/IH model planter shown in FIG.10;

FIG. 12 is a perspective view of a seed tube, one embodiment of anextension for reducing seed bounce, and a liquid supply hose, with oneembodiment of the liquid distribution apparatus having three outletsconnected to the liquid supply hose and fixed to the extension;

FIG. 13 is a section view taken along line 13-13 of FIG. 12;

FIG. 14 is a section view taken along line 14-14 of FIG. 13;

FIG. 15 is a perspective view of one embodiment of a diverter for use,in one example, in conjunction with the two-outlet embodiment of theliquid distribution apparatus;

FIG. 16 is a front view of the diverter illustrated in FIG. 15;

FIG. 17 is top view of the diverter illustrated in FIG. 15;

FIG. 18 is a side view of the diverter illustrated in FIG. 15;

FIG. 19 is perspective view of an alternative embodiment of a diverterfor use, in one example, in conjunction with the two-outlet embodimentof the liquid distribution apparatus;

FIG. 20 is a front view of the diverter illustrated in FIG. 19;

FIG. 21 is a side view of the diverter illustrated in FIG. 19;

FIG. 22 is a side view of a seed tube, one embodiment of an extensionfor reducing seed bounce, and a liquid supply hose, with a single outletliquid distribution apparatus connected to the liquid supply hose andfixed to the extension, the outlet being forward of the trailing end ofthe extension so that the liquid disperses over the top of the extensionand into the furrow;

FIG. 23 is a section view taken along line 23-23 of FIG. 22,illustrating the dispersion of the liquid across the vertex of thefurrow and extending partially up the sidewalls of the furrow;

FIG. 24 is a section view taken along line 24-24 of FIG. 22,illustrating the dispersion of liquid across the vertex of the furrowand extending partially up the sidewall of the furrow;

FIG. 25 is an isometric view of one embodiment of an extension defininga depression for locating a liquid distribution apparatus;

FIG. 26 is an isometric view of the extension illustrated in FIG. 25with a two outlet liquid distribution apparatus coupled thereto;

FIG. 27 is a side view of the extension shown in FIG. 26;

FIG. 28 is a top view of the extension taken along line 28-28 of FIG.27;

FIG. 29 is a side view of the extension illustrated in FIG. 25 with asingle outlet liquid distribution apparatus coupled thereto;

FIG. 30 is a top view of the extension taken along line 30-30 of FIG.29;

FIG. 31 is an exploded isometric view of an embodiment of an extensionhaving protrusions for attaching a liquid distribution apparatus to theextension by way of a retaining plate and fasteners;

FIG. 32 is an assembled isometric view of the extension of FIG. 31;

FIG. 33 is an exploded isometric view of an alternate embodiment of anextension having protrusions for attaching a liquid distributionapparatus to the extension by way of a retaining plate with prongs;

FIG. 34 is an exploded isometric view of an embodiment of an extensionhaving protrusions with flanges for securing a liquid distributionapparatus to the extension;

FIG. 35 is an assembled isometric view of an embodiment of an extensionhaving protrusions for attaching a fluid distribution member to theextension by way of a retaining plate and fasteners;

FIG. 36 is an assembled side view of the extension of FIG. 35;

FIG. 37 is a side view of one embodiment of a fluid distribution memberfor use with an extension;

FIG. 38 is a top view of the fluid distribution member of FIG. 37;

FIG. 39 is an end view of the fluid distribution member of FIG. 37;

FIG. 40 is a side view of another embodiment of a fluid distributionmember for use with an extension; and

FIG. 41 is a top view of the fluid distribution member of FIG. 40.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT

While various embodiments of the liquid distribution apparatus can beused with a variety of planters, drills and liquid supply devices, itwill be initially described as used with a double disk furrow openerstyle agricultural planter 102 pulled behind a tractor 104. Furthermore,the liquid distribution apparatus will be described in a configurationwherein a large liquid container 106 is pulled behind the planter 102providing a liquid supply to the liquid distribution apparatus through aliquid supply hose. The liquid container 106, however, is oftentimesintegrated with the planter 102 or the tractor 104. Nonetheless, theliquid distribution apparatus functions equally well regardless of thelocation of the liquid container 106.

The agricultural planter 102, shown in FIGS. 2-4, typically includes anumber of planter row units 108 mounted on a main frame member 110. Theplanter 102 is pulled in a forward direction F by the tractor 104. Eachrow unit 108 forms a seed furrow 110, deposits seeds 112 evenly alongthe seed furrow 110, supplies a liquid 114 in the furrow 110, and thencloses the seed furrow 110 to form a seed bed 116. The liquiddistribution apparatus 100 of the present invention is embodied in atwo-outlet Y-shaped configuration 100, shown in FIGS. 5-11, whichdistributes the liquid 114 into the furrow 110 along with the seeds 112without drenching the seeds 112. In this embodiment, the liquiddistribution apparatus 100 is used along with an extension 118, shown inFIGS. 5-11, which reduces seed bounce as the seeds 112 exit each rowunit 108, and helps position the seeds 112 optimally in the vertex orbottom portion 120 of the furrow 110 prior to closure of the furrow 110by the row unit 108. To avoid drenching the seeds 112 in the liquid 114,the liquid distribution apparatus 100 deposits the liquid 114 on thesidewalls 122 of the furrow 110. Preferably, the liquid is deposited atleast ½″ above the bottom portion 120 of the furrow 110. Morepreferably, the liquid is deposited between about ½″ and ¾″ above thebottom portion 120 of the furrow 110.

Each row unit 108, as seen in FIGS. 2-4, comprises a seed hopper 124 forholding and dispensing seeds 112, a seed metering unit 126 positionedbelow the seed hopper 124 that receives the seeds 112 from the seedhopper 124, and a seed tube 128 positioned below the seed metering unit126 that receives seeds 112 from the metering unit 126 to place in thefurrow 110. A furrow opening apparatus 130 is positioned generallybeneath the seed hopper 124, and includes a residue divider 132 at theleading edge of each row unit 108, and a furrow opener 134 positionedmore centrally under the hopper 124. The furrow opener 134 is partiallyencompassed by a pair of gage wheels 136, and a pair of furrow closerwheels 138, which trail behind the furrow opener 134, and gage wheels136.

The seed furrow 110 is formed by the furrow opener 134 attached to eachrow unit 108. Although numerous types of openers are known in the artsuch as double disc, single disc, shoe, boot, and runner style openersthat the present invention may be used with, a double disk furrow opener134 is shown in FIGS. 2-4. The double disk opener 134 includes twocircular disk blades 139 rotatably mounted on a row unit 108 to form aV-shape at the point of seed placement. The disk blades 139 have adiameter, and the peripheral edges 140 of each disk blade 139 areadjacent to one another at the point where they form the V. The gagewheels 136 flank the disk blades 139 to support the row unit 108 andallow the disk blades 139 to mold a V-shaped seed furrow 110 at apredetermined depth within the soil.

The furrow 110 formed by the furrow opener 134 is generally V-shaped, asshown best in FIG. 5, with the bottom portion 120 forming the vertexwhere the upwardly and outwardly extending sidewalls 122 intersect.Under ideal soil conditions, the furrow 110 maintains the V-shape untilclosed by the furrow closer wheels 138. In moist conditions, the soilalong the sidewalls 122 is pulled loose, causing portions of the soil tolodge in the bottom portion 120 of the furrow 110 and along thesidewalls 122. Also, as the disk blades 139 wear out, they becomesmaller in diameter and the adjacent edges 140 of the disk blades 139become spaced apart. As the disk blades 139 wear down, the increasedspacing between the adjacent edges 140 causes the furrow to graduallytransform into a W-shape.

The seed tube 128 extends downwardly from the metering unit 126, betweenthe disk blades 139 (or into the boot or shoe), and is positioneddirectly over the seed furrow 110 adjacent to the rear 142 of the doubledisk blades 139, as shown in FIG. 4. The metering unit 126 regulates thedistribution of seeds 112 from the seed hopper 124 to the seed tube 128.Thus, the seeds 112 are optimally evenly spaced along the seed furrow110 as they fall from the seed tube 128.

As shown in FIGS. 4, 6, 8 and 9 the seed tube 128 is attached to andextends downwardly from the meter unit 126. The seed tube 128 has anelongated hollow main body 144, with a generally rectangularcross-sectional structure defining a rearwardly facing surface 146, aforwardly facing surface 148, and opposing side facing surfaces 150. Theseed tube 128 has a slight arcuate shape along its length in therearward direction. An upper end 152 of the seed tube 128 is attached tothe meter unit 126, while a downwardly depending lower and trailing end154 of the seed tube 128 depends downwardly between the disk blades 139so as to be positioned over the bottom portion 120 of the furrow 110.The downwardly depending end 154 defines an opening 156 through whichthe seeds 112 exit the seed tube 128 and fall into the furrow 110. Thelower end 154 of the seed tube 128 is swept rearwardly from the upperend 152 as a result of the slight arcuate shape. The forwardly facingsurface 148 of the seed tube 128 is longer than the rearwardly facing146 surface of the seed tube 128, such that the forwardly facing surface148 forms a lower edge 158 of the opening 156, while the rearwardlyfacing surface 146 of the seed tube 128 defines the upper edge 160 ofthe opening 156.

A pair of protrusions 162 extends from the rearwardly facing surface 146of the seed tube 128. The protrusions 162 are spaced longitudinally withrespect to one another along the length of the seed tube 128. Eachprotrusion 162 can have an aperture 164 formed laterally therethrough.

The seed tube 128 guides the seeds to the furrow 110, as seen in FIGS.4-7. As the seeds 112 flow through the seed tube 128, they bounce aroundas a result of interaction with the walls of the seed tube 128 as wellas the movement of the planter 102 over the ground. The rearward curveof the seed tube 128, as well as the orientation of the exit opening156, are designed to compensate for the forward motion of the planter102, and ideally the seeds 112 drop into the furrow 110 very gently.However, since the seeds 112 bounce as they move through the seed tube128, they oftentimes drop out of the seed tube 128 at a less thanoptimal angle, or the seeds 112 bounce outwardly from the opening 156 ofthe seed tube 128 prior to hitting the ground, causing the seeds 112 tothen bounce upwardly when they hit the ground.

The bouncing of the seeds 112 results in the seeds being disbursedthroughout the furrow 110, not only along the bottom portion 120, butalso along the sidewalls 122 and often outside the seed furrow. Thebouncing seeds 112 result in the seeds being improperly positionedwithin the furrow 110. The improper placement of the seeds within thefurrow 110 results in various growth related problems such as unevenplant emergence, poor stands, increased weed population, non uniformmaturing, longer insect life cycles, higher susceptibility to chemicaldamage, and ultimately lower yields. Moving the planter 102 at a slowervelocity reduces the bouncing problem, but does not eliminate it. Movingthe planter 102 at a higher velocity to increase the planting processexacerbates the bouncing problem.

As seen in FIGS. 4-9, the extension 118 is preferably mounted on therearwardly facing surface 146 of the seed tube 128 near its dependinglower end 154. Alternatively, or as seen in FIGS. 10 and 11, theextension 118 may be mounted on other row unit structures such as a seedboot or shoe. The extension 118 facilitates the proper placement ofseeds 112 in the bottom portion 120 of the furrow 110 therebysignificantly reducing the problems associated with improper seedplacement as discussed above. The extension 118 extends downwardly andrearwardly from the seed tube 128 into the furrow 110, minimizingcontact with the sidewalls 122. Preferably, the extension 118 terminatesat a position just above the vertex 120 of the furrow.

With the extension 118 mounted on the depending lower end 154 of theseed tube 128, as the seeds 112 exit the opening 156 of the seed tube128 and bounce from the seed tube 128, the seeds 112 contact theextension 118 and deflect back into the furrow 110. If the seeds 112bounce more than once within the furrow 110, they will again contact theextension 118 further along its length and will again be deflected backinto the furrow 110. As the seeds 112 come to rest in the bottom portion120 of the furrow 110, the trailing end 186 of the extension 118 passesover the seeds 112 without contacting the seeds 112. The extensioneffectively funnels the seeds to the bottom of the furrow. In thepreferred embodiment when attached with the seed tube, the width of theextension decreases rearwardly along its length so that the width of theextension closely matches the width of the furrow as the extensionextends rearwardly and downwardly into the furrow, thereby reducing thenumber of seeds that can bounce between the sidewall of the furrow andthe extension.

In mounting the extension 118 to the seed tube 128, as best seen inFIGS. 5, 6, 8 and 9, the top segment 166 of the extension 118 isreleasably attached to the seed tube 128. More particularly, in oneembodiment of the extension, the protrusions 162 on the seed insert tube128 are positioned within the apertures 168 formed in an attachment 170having outwardly facing sidewalls defining a sawtooth pattern 172complimentary to a sawtooth configuration 174 defined by an elongatedslot 176 in the extension 118. The complimentary sawtooth configurations172 and 174 provide an adjustment mechanism to place the extension atthe appropriate depth into the furrow 110. The engagement of theprotrusions 162 in the mounting apertures 168 properly position theextension 118 on the seed tube 128, and acts to inhibit any longitudinalor transverse movement of the extension 118 with respect to the seedtube 128. Two releasable fasteners 178, such as plastic tie straps, arepositioned around the extension 118 and the seed tube 128, and arereleasably fastened thereto to hold the extension 118 securely inposition on the seed tube 128. The extension can also be fastened to theseed tube or planter in any known manner.

In one embodiment, the bottom segment 180 of the extension 118 definesan upwardly convex top surface 182 and a downwardly concave lowersurface 184. The downwardly concave lower surface 184 acts to deflectthe bouncing seeds 112 toward the center 120 of the furrow 110. Theseeds 112 are thus directed toward and land in the bottom portion 120 ofthe furrow 110. This helps place the seeds 112 in the optimal positionwithin the furrow 110, and helps reduce the number of seeds, which cometo rest on the sidewalls 122 or outside of the furrow 110. In short, thedownwardly concave lower surface 184 of the bottom segment 180 of theextension 118 focuses the deflection of the seeds 112 toward the bottomportion 120 of the furrow 110, as shown in FIGS. 5-7.

The transverse dimension of the lower surface 184 of the bottom segment180 of the extension 118 preferably becomes substantially planaradjacent to the trailing end 186 because the transverse dimension of theextension 118 is substantially reduced, and a downwardly facing concavesurface has less of an effect on the deflection of the seeds given theproximity of the trailing end 186 to the bottom portion 120 of thefurrow 110. Also, very few seeds continue to bounce at that location onthe extension.

The extension 118 is flexible along its entire length so that in theevent the trailing end 186 of the extension comes into contact with thesoil, the trailing end of the extension will easily bend upwardly tominimize any damage to a seed 112 that may be contacted. Furthermore,while the extension 118 is designed to not contact the sidewalls 122 ofthe furrow 120 during use, some incidental contact may occur. Anyincidental contact with furrow may have the affect of covering the seeds112 in the bottom portion 120 of the furrow 110 with a thin layer ofsoil. This helps to protect the seeds from any incidental contact withthe liquid 114 that may occur. The extension can also have any number ofshapes and cross-sections, and can contact the furrow bottom orsidewalls.

Including liquids 114 such as liquid fertilizer, liquid starter, liquidinsecticides, liquid inoculants, and water in the furrow 110 along withthe seeds 112 at the time of planting advantageously affects the growthof the plants and the ultimate yield of the crop as discussed above. Theprovision of some types of liquid 114 directly into the furrow 110,however, can actually negatively affect plant growth and the ultimatecrop yield if liquid 114 are distributed directly unto the seeds 112.Accordingly, one embodiment of the liquid distribution apparatus 100 ofthe present invention directs liquid 114 unto the sidewalls 122 of thefurrow, above the seeds 112, thus providing liquid 114 directly into thefurrow 110 along with the seeds 112 without drenching the seeds 112 inthe liquid 114. Although the liquid distribution apparatus 100 of thepresent invention is shown in the figures in conjunction with oneembodiment of the extension 118, a Schaffert Manufacturing Co., Inc.,Rebounder™, the liquid distribution apparatus may also be used in theabsence of the extension 118. In the absence of the extension 118,however, a larger proportion of seeds 112 may become deposited on thefurrow sidewalls 122 and hence come in direct contact with thedistributed liquid 114 from the present invention. The majority of seeds112, however, will still be deposited in or near the bottom portion 120of the furrow 110, therefore the present invention is advantageous toplant growth and crop yield even in the absence of the extension 118.The present invention may also be used in conjunction with otheravailable seed placement attachments such as a Keeton Seed Firmer™, suchas described and shown in U.S. Pat. No. 7,121,216.

Liquid 114 is supplied to the liquid distribution apparatus 100 of thepresent invention from the liquid container 106. The liquid containerincludes a pump 188 in fluid connection with the contents of the liquidcontainer 106 for supplying liquid under pressure. As shown in FIG. 2, amain hose 190 connects to the pump 188 to the liquid distribution tube192 at the upper rear of the planter 102. The liquid distribution tube192 on the planter 102 traverses the width of the planter 102 across theplanter row units 108. Adjacent each row unit 108, the liquiddistribution tube 192 has an outlet 194 that is fluidly coupled to aliquid supply hose 196. Each row unit 108 has the liquid supply hose 196for distributing liquid to the furrow 110 associated with each row unit108.

The liquid supply hose 196 extends generally downwardly from thedistribution tube 192 to the seed tube 128 and is attached to theextension 118. The extension 118 attached to the seed tube 128preferably includes at least two eyelets 198 a and 198 b along itslength. The first eyelet 198 a is located along the top segment 166 ofthe extension 118. The liquid supply hose 196 extends through the firsteyelet 198 a and is thereby held in place along the center of theextension 118. Preferably, the first eyelet 198 a fits loosely aroundthe hose 196 so that as the extension flexes the hose may move freelywith the eyelet 198 a, which helps to prevent the hose 196 fromdisconnecting from the liquid distribution apparatus. A second eyelet198 b is located along the top of the extension 118 adjacent the bottomsegment 180 of the extension 118 that extends into the furrow 110.Preferably, the second eyelet 198 b grips the supply hose 196 firmly tohelp prevent the hose 196 from disconnecting from the liquiddistribution apparatus 100. An additional third eyelet 198 c may beincluded along the length of the extension between the first eyelet 198a and the second eyelet 198 b. The third eyelet 198 c helps to hold thehose 196 secure so that residue flowing over the top of the extensiondoes not disconnect the hose 196 from the liquid distribution apparatus.

The liquid distribution apparatus 100 is preferably attached to thebottom segment 180 of the extension 118 adjacent the furrow 110. Theliquid distribution apparatus 100 is preferably secured to the extension118 with the second eyelet 198 b and is in fluid connection with theliquid supply hose 196. In the two-eyelet embodiment of the liquiddistribution apparatus 100, shown in FIGS. 5, 6, 8 and 9, the liquiddistribution apparatus 100 generally defines a Y-shaped tubularstructure having a supply tube 200 in fluid connection with the liquiddistribution hose 196 and two distribution tubes 202 a and 202 b influid connection with the supply tube 200, the distribution tubesdistributing liquid 114 on the sidewalls 122 of the furrow 110 generallyabove the two vertexes of the furrow.

Generally speaking, the liquid distribution apparatus 100 includes asupply channel 200 and a distribution channel 202 having at least twooutlets 202 a and 202 b. However, it is to be understood that thedistribution channel 202 may comprise any structure that distributesliquid unto one or both sidewalls 122 of the furrow 110. The supplychannel 200, as shown in FIGS. 5-11, comprises a tubular structure orhose that are in fluid connection with the liquid supply hose 196 at itsrear end. Preferably, the inlet portion of the supply channel 200includes a barbed or ribbed portion 204 to engage the liquid supply hose196. The outlet portion of the supply channel 200 is in fluid connectionwith the distribution channel 202.

The distribution channel 202 as shown in the embodiment of the liquiddistribution apparatus show in FIGS. 5-11, includes two outlets 202 a,202 b, angularly oriented with respect to the supply channel 200, thatdistribute liquid along one or both sidewalls 122 of the furrow 120. Theoutlets 202 a, 202 b, in this embodiment, comprise tubular structures orhoses. The front portion of the distribution channel 202 is attached tothe center of the extension 118 by the second eyelet 198 b. The liquiddistribution apparatus 100 may be held in place in the second eyelet 198b by an adhesive or a tie strap. Accordingly, the outlets 202 a, 202 b,are oriented along the bottom segment 180 of the extension with thefirst outlet 202 a extending outwardly to one side of the extension 118and the second outlet 202 b extending outwardly to the opposite side ofthe extension 118. As shown in the figures, the outlets 202 a, 202 b,along with the supply tube 200 form a generally Y-shaped structure.

As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, when liquid 114 flows from the outlets 202 a,202 b, and the liquid 114 is preferably distributed above the bottomportion 120 of the furrow 110 along the sidewalls 122 of the furrow. Bydistributing the liquid 114 along the sidewalls 122 of the furrow 110,the seeds 112 are not drenched in the liquid 114 because most of theseeds 112 are deflected by the extension 118 to the bottom portion 120of the furrow 110 below where the liquid is distributed.

As shown in FIGS. 5-11, the liquid distribution apparatus 100 isattached along the bottom segment 180 of the extension 118 bye thesecond eyelet 198 b. The liquid supply hose 196 that is attached to theextension 118 at the first eyelet 198 a is in fluid connection with theliquid distribution apparatus 100 adjacent the second eyelet 198 b. Asmentioned above, the use of the extension 118 is considered preferable,but is not necessary to the proper functioning of the liquiddistribution apparatus 100. For example, the liquid distributionapparatus 100 can be attached along the center top portion of the seedtube 128 directly above the opening 156 where the seeds 112 exit theseed tube 128. Attached to the seed tube 128, the outlets 202 a, 202 b,will extend outwardly and to either side of the seed tube 128 therebydepositing liquid 114 along the sidewalls 122 of the furrow 110.

Generally, the liquid distribution apparatus 100 may be attached to anypart of the planter row unit 108. Preferably, the liquid distributionapparatus 100 (when not attached to the extension 118) is attached at alocation between the double disk opener 134 and the furrow closer wheel138 centered along the vertex 120 of the furrow so as to orient theoutlets 202 a, 202 b above the sidewalls 122 of the seed furrow 110before the furrow 110 is closed.

The embodiments of the liquid distribution apparatus 100 are shown anddescribed as being attached to the bottom segment 180 of the extension118. The various embodiments of the liquid distribution apparatus may,however, be attached anywhere along the extension so long as, in thecase of the two-outlet embodiment, the outlets 202 a, 202 b are orientedso as to distribute liquid 114 along the sidewalls 122 of the furrow.The location of the liquid distribution apparatus 100 on the extensionas shown in the figures is considered preferable.

Additionally, while the various embodiments of the liquid distributionapparatus are shown as a separate structure attached to the extension118, they may, however, be integrated into the extension 118. Tointegrate the liquid distribution apparatus 100 into the extension thesupply channel 200 and distribution channel 202 can be molded directlyinto the extension in a single plastic injection mold. In the integratedliquid distribution apparatus, the supply channel 200 is in fluidconnection with the liquid supply hose 196 and a plurality of outletsfrom the distribution channel 202 are oriented so as to distributeliquid into the furrow 110.

FIGS. 10 and 11 show the two outlet embodiment of the liquiddistribution apparatus 100 of the present invention connected to anextension that is attached to a Case/IH style planter having a seed boot204 positioned between the disks (not shown). The extension 118 isattached directly to the seed boot 205. A brace plate 206 may benecessary to properly attach the extension 118 to the seed boot 205. Theseed tube 128 (not shown) typically extends through the seed boot 205.

The liquid supply hose 196 is connected to the outside of the seed boot205 using a tie strap 208. The lower end of the liquid supply hose 196is in fluid connection with the liquid distribution apparatus 100connected to the extension 118. Accordingly, the outlets 202 a and 202 bof the two outlet embodiment of the liquid distribution apparatus 100distribute liquid 114 unto the sidewalls 122 of the furrow 110.

Referring to FIGS. 12-14, an alternative embodiment of the liquiddistribution apparatus 100 includes three outlets 202 a, 202 b, 202 c ina preferably fork shaped configuration (ψ) with respect to the supplychannel 200, wherein one of the outlets 202 c is oriented to distributeliquid 114 in the centrally located bottom portion 120 of the furrow,and the other two outlets 202 a, 202 b are oriented to distribute liquid114 on opposing sidewalls 122 of the furrow 110. Generally, thisembodiment provides a farmer or other user with a convertible liquiddistribution apparatus 100 that may distribute liquid on the sidewalls122 of the furrow 110, in the vertex 120 of the furrow 110, or in anycombination thereof. This allows the farmer to rapidly convert theliquid distribution portion of the planter for planting seeds thatbenefit from liquid distributed on the furrow sidewalls to plantingseeds that benefit from liquid distribution directly on the seeds.

Preferably, the liquid distribution apparatus 100 includes a supplychannel 200 similar to other embodiments described herein and adistribution channel 202. The distribution channel 202 preferably havingthree outlets 202 a, 202 b, 202 c, wherein a first 202 a and a secondside outlet 202 b are preferably angularly oriented with respect to thesupply channel 200, which may distribute liquid along one or bothsidewalls 122 of the furrow 110, and a third or center outlet 202 c thatis preferably co-linear with the supply channel 200, which maydistribute liquid 114 centrally located in the bottom or vertex 120 ofthe furrow 112. This embodiment is described as preferably having threeoutlets; it is envisioned, however, that this embodiment could includemore than three outlets.

As with preceding exemplary embodiments of the liquid distributionapparatus 100, the inlet portion of the supply channel includes a barbedor ribbed portion 204 at its rear end to engage the liquid supply hose196. The outlet portion of the supply channel 200 is in fluid connectionwith the distribution channel 202. Accordingly, fluid flows from thefirst hose 196 into the supply channel 200 and then out to the outlet(s)202 a, 202 b, 202 c of the distribution channel 202.

This alternative convertible embodiment preferably also includes atleast one stopper or plug 216 adapted to stop or reduce the flow ofliquid 114 from any of the outlets 202 a, 202 b, 202 c, thereby allowingthe device to be converted to different liquid distribution patterns. Inone embodiment, the stopper or plug 216 may be connected with the liquiddistribution apparatus 100, with the extension 118 for reducing seedbounce, or with whatever device the apparatus 100 is connected with, forexample a drill, by way of a cable or other such connection device sothat when not in use the plug 216 stays connected with the liquiddistribution apparatus 100. Preferably, the plug 216 is held to theapparatus by way of some retentive means such as a snap, clamp, or thelike (not shown). Alternatively, the plug 216 may be supplied in a kitalong with the liquid distribution apparatus 100.

The plug 216 is adapted to be inserted into the outlets 202 a, 202 b,202 c thereby prohibiting the flow of liquid 114 from the pluggedoutlet. This allows the apparatus 100 to be converted to any liquiddistribution configuration the farmer desires. For example, for certainapplications, such as placing liquid fertilizers in the furrow 110, itis desirable to distribute liquid 114 on the sidewalls 122 of the furrow110 and not directly on the seeds 112; accordingly, the farmer willinsert a plug 216 into the center outlet 202 c. In another example, ifthe farmer is distributing liquid inoculant in the furrow 110 along withthe seeds 112, it is desirable to place the inoculant directly on theseed 112; accordingly, the farmer will insert a plug 216 in the first202 a and second 202 b side outlets.

In an alternative embodiment, the plug 216 is preferably permanentlycoupled within the distribution end 202 of the outlet. In thisembodiment, liquid flow may be adjusted by pulling the plug 216 outwardto allow full flow, or pressing the plug inwardly to decrease the flow.Fully depressed, the plug 216 prohibits liquid flow from the outlet(s)202 a, 202 b, 202 c altogether.

One advantage of this convertible embodiment is the ease by which afarmer may change from an in-furrow on-seed liquid distribution set-up(where the first 202 a and second 202 b outlets are plugged) to anin-furrow sidewall distribution set-up (where the center outlet 202 c isplugged) or vice versa. For example, a farmer may desire to plant cornseeds and distribute inoculants (which facilitate rapid germination andgrowth) directly on the seeds 112 in one portion of the farm, and thenchange seed types to soy beans and distribute fertilizer on thesidewalls 122 of the furrow 110 above the soy bean seeds for planting ina different portion of the farm. Changing from the on-seed liquiddistribution for the corn seeds to the furrow sidewall distribution forthe soy beans simply requires that the farmer prohibit the liquid flowfrom the center outlet 202 c, and allow the liquid flow from the sideoutlets 202 a, 202 b. In one embodiment, the farmer will remove the sideplugs, and insert a center plug; or, in are alternative embodiment, thefarmer will depress the center plug, and pull-out the side plugs.

Referring to FIG. 15, a perspective view of one embodiment of a diverter218 is shown for use, in one example, in conjunction with the two outlet202 a, 202 b embodiment of the liquid distribution apparatus 100. FIG.16 is a front view of the diverter 218 illustrated in FIG. 15; FIG. 17is top view of the diverter 218 illustrated in FIG. 15; and FIG. 18 is aside view of the diverter 218 illustrated in FIG. 15. The diverter maybe used to configure the two-outlet 202 a, 202 b embodiment of theliquid distribution apparatus 100 for either on-seed liquiddistribution, or liquid distribution on the sidewalls 122 of the furrow110 above the seeds 112. The diverter 218 includes an integrated upperoutlet 220 and an integrated lower outlet 222 in fluid connection withan integrated supply channel 224 which is adapted to be fluidly coupledwith the liquid supply hose (not shown). The rearward portion of thediverter is insertable into the eyelet 198 c and thereby is connectedwith the extension 118. As shown and described above, the liquiddistribution apparatus 100 extends through the rearward most eyelet 198b of the extension. Rather than connecting directly with the liquidsupply hose as shown above, the liquid distribution apparatus 100 plugsinto one of the two outlets 220, 222 of the diverter which suppliesliquid to the liquid distribution apparatus 100.

The farmer may then through the use of plugs 216 configure the device218 for distribution of liquid directly into the furrow 110 (by pluggingthe outlets of the liquid distribution apparatus 100, and leaving theoutlet not occupied by the liquid distribution apparatus unplugged) orconfigure the device for distribution of liquid on the sidewalls 122 ofthe furrow 110 (by plugging the outlet not occupied by the liquiddistribution apparatus, and leaving the outlets 202 a, 202 b of theliquid distribution apparatus unplugged).

Referring to FIG. 19 an alternative embodiment of a diverter 218 foruse, in one example, in conjunction with the two outlet embodiment ofthe liquid distribution apparatus 100. FIG. 20 is a front view of thediverter 218 illustrated in FIG. 19; and FIG. 21 is a side view of thediverter 218 illustrated in FIG. 19. The diverter 218 may be used toconfigure the two outlet embodiment of the liquid distribution apparatus100 for either on-seed liquid distribution, or liquid distribution onthe sidewalls 122 of the furrow 110 above the seeds 112. The diverter218 includes an upper distribution tube 220 and a lower distributiontube 222 in fluid connection with a supply tube 224 which is adapted tobe fluidly coupled with the liquid supply hose (not shown). The rearwardportion of the diverter is insertable into the eyelet 198 c and therebyis connected with the extension 118. As shown and described above, theliquid distribution apparatus 100 extends through the rearward mosteyelet 198 b of the extension 118. Rather than connecting directly withthe liquid supply hose as shown above, the liquid distribution apparatusplugs into one of the two liquid distribution tubes 220, 222 of thediverter 218 which supplies liquid 114 to the liquid distributionapparatus 100.

The farmer may then, through the use of plugs 216, configure the devicefor distribution of liquid directly into the furrow 110 (by plugging theoutlets of the liquid distribution apparatus, and leaving the liquiddistribution tube not occupied by the liquid distribution apparatusunplugged) or configure the device for distribution of liquid on thesidewalls 122 of the furrow 110 (by plugging the liquid distributiontube not occupied by the liquid distribution apparatus, and leaving theoutlets 202 a, 202 b of the liquid distribution apparatus unplugged).

FIGS. 22-24 illustrate an alternative embodiment of the presentinvention wherein the liquid tube 196 extends along the length of theextension 118, nearly to the trailing end 186 of the extension, but notpast the end of the extension 118. Preferably, the end of the tube isplaced on the longitudinal centerline of the extension 118. In thisembodiment, the liquid 114 flowing from the tube 196 spreads out overthe surface 182 of the extension 118 and flows into the furrow 110. Theupwardly convex shape of the upper surface 182 of the extension 118causes the liquid flowing from the tube 196 to spread out fairly evenlyin about a 180-degree radius from the end of the tube 196, depending onthe pressure that the fluid is flowing out of the tube. Under fairlylow-pressure conditions, if the tube is placed very near the trailingend 186 of the extension 118, then fluid will flow unto both sidewalls122 of the furrow 110 and into the vertex 120 of the furrow 110. Incontrast, if the end of the tube is placed toward the middle or widestpoint of the extension 118, then the vast majority of the fluid 114flowing from the tube is deposited on the sidewalls 122 of the furrow110.

The width of the extension 118 narrows along its length from about itsmidpoint to the trailing end 186. Accordingly, at the widest point ofthe extension the fluid is distributed well above the vertex 120 of thefurrow 110. Whereas, at the trailing end 186 of the extension 118, thefluid 114 is deposited primarily in the vertex 120 of the furrow 110.The amount of fluid deposited on the sidewalls 122, as compared to theamount deposited in the vertex 120 of the furrow 110, will changedepending on the location of the end of the tube 196 along the length ofthe extension 118 and the pressure at which the fluid 114 is flowing outof the tube 196.

The various embodiments of the extension, liquid distribution apparatus,and diverter described herein may be attached to many different types ofplanters, single disc drills, single disc openers, and double discdrills, including, but not limited to, a Buffalo™ planter, a LandollQuadra™ planter, a John Deere 71 Flex™ planter, an Allis Chalmers™ model78, 79, 500 or 600 planter, a Case IH™ model 56, 400 or 500 planter, aCase IH™ 1200 ASM planter, a John Deere™ model 750, 1560 or 1860 singledisc drill, a Flexi-Coil FSI™ single disc drill, a FSO™ single discopener, a Krause™ model 5200, 5250, 5400, or 5500 double disc drill, aSunflower™ double disc drill, a Tye™ double disc drill, a Tye™soybean/rice double disc drill, a UFT™ double disc drill, a John Deere™model 415, 515, 750 or 8300 double disc drill, a Marliss™ double discdrill, a Best™ double disc drill, a Great Plains™ double disc drill, aCrustbuster™ model 3400, 3700 or 4000 double disc drill, a Haybuster™double disc drill, and a Case IH™ model 5100, 5300 or 5400 double discdrill. Means and methods for attaching the various embodiments of theextension, liquid distribution apparatus, and diverter are shown anddescribed in more detail in U.S. Pat. No. 7,121,216.

Including liquids 114 such as liquid fertilizer, liquid starter, liquidinsecticides, liquid inoculants, and water in the furrow 110 along withthe seeds 112 at the time of planting advantageously affects the growthof the plants and the ultimate yield of the crop as discussed above. Theprovision of some types of liquid 114 directly into the furrow 110,however, can actually negatively affect plant growth and the ultimatecrop yield if liquid 114 are distributed directly on the seeds 112.Conversely, for some liquids and some types of seeds, it is preferableto provide liquid 114 directly on the seeds 112. Using the variousliquid distribution apparatuses described above, it is possible todispense liquid 114 on the sidewalls 122 of the furrow 110 above theseeds 112 or directly on the seeds 112.

In some instances, it is preferable to dispense liquid 114 well abovethe vertex 120 of the furrow 110 and the seeds 112 therein. This allowsa higher concentration of liquid 114, such as fertilizers, nitrogen,zinc, pot ash, sulfur, insecticides, and the like, to be deposited inthe furrow 110 along with the seeds 112, while lessening the risk thatthe higher concentration liquid will damage the seeds. As the extension118 is pulled along in the furrow 110, it is jostled by the tractorrolling over the uneven surfaces typically found in fields, by dirt andmud falling on the extension 118, and by other events. Thus, it is oftenadvantageous to keep the liquid distribution apparatus 100 firmly heldto the extension 118 so that the liquid distribution apparatus 100 isnot inadvertently reoriented by the jostling. Otherwise, such jostlingmight cause liquid 114, whether high concentration or not, to bedistributed in unintended portions of the furrow 110.

FIG. 25 illustrates one embodiment of an extension 226 conforming to thepresent invention. FIGS. 26-30 illustrate the extension 226 with variousliquid distribution apparatus configurations connected therewith, eachconforming to various aspects of the present invention. FIGS. 26-28illustrate the extension 226 with a two outlet liquid distributionapparatus 228. The two outlet liquid distribution device 228 is orientedon the extension 226 to distribute liquid 114 on the sidewalls 122 wellabove the vertex 120 of the furrow 110 to allow higher concentrationliquids 114 to be used without damaging the seeds 112 located in thevertex 120. FIGS. 29-30 illustrate the extension 226 with a one outletliquid distribution apparatus 230. The one outlet liquid distributiondevice is oriented on the extension to distribute liquid on the seeds inthe vertex 120 of the furrow 110.

Aspects of the invention allow the extension 226 to be quicklyreconfigured from a one outlet liquid distribution configuration to atwo outlet liquid distribution configuration or vice versa. For either asingle outlet configuration 230 or a two outlet configuration 228, theliquid distribution device is located in a depression 232 defined alongthe top surface 234 of the extension 226. The depression 232 helps tohold the liquid distribution apparatus (228, 230) in place. Thedepression 232 also facilitates changing the configuration from a oneoutlet setup to a two outlet setup.

Referring now to FIG. 25, an isometric view of one implementation of anextension 226 conforming to the present invention is shown. The topsurface 234 of the bottom segment 236 of the extension 226 definesdepression 232 to accept one or more liquid distribution apparatuses.Generally, a liquid distribution apparatus (228, 230) is seated in thedepression 232 to locate and to help stabilize the liquid distributionapparatus as the extension 226 is pulled through the furrow 110.

The extension 226 is typically mounted to the seed tube 128. As bestshown in FIGS. 5, 6, 8, and 9, the top segment 166 of the extension 226is releasably attached to the seed tube 128. In one example, describedin detail above, the upper segment 166 defines an elongate slot 176having a saw tooth pattern configured to cooperate with an attachmentfixed to the seed tube that define a complimentary saw tooth pattern.The cooperating saw tooth patterns allow the user to adjust the depththat the extension extends down in the furrow 110.

Referring again to FIG. 25, in one implementation, the bottom surface238 of the extension 226 defines a generally concave surface 240 thatacts to deflect seeds 112 into the vertex 120 of the furrow 110 afterthey exit the seed tube 128 and bounce around in the furrow 110. Theextension 226 includes sidewalls 242 defining a generally narrowingwidth to conform as much as possible to the V-shaped furrow 110 as theextension 226 extends therein. Aspects of the present invention,however, may be adapted for use with an extension that do not have aconcave bottom surface and does not have a narrowing width.

The depression 232 in the top surface 234 of the bottom segment 236comprises a rearward section 244, a first 246 and a second 248 angularlyorientated section, and a forwardly extending section 250. The rearwardsection 244 and the forward section 250 are defined generally along thelength of the extension 226 and in combination define a singlecontinuous depression 232. The combined depression 232 extends along thelength of the extension 226 in front of the second eyelet 198 b. Forreference, the second eyelet 198 b is located towards the rear of theliquid distribution apparatus (228, 230) when it is attached to afarming implement. The first angularly oriented section 246 extends fromthe combined depression 232 to one side 252 of the extension 226. Thesecond angularly oriented section 248 extends from the combineddepression 232 to the opposite side of the extension.

The depression 232 is formed, in one example, to receive thecorresponding tubular portions of some of the embodiments of the liquiddistribution apparatus described herein. FIGS. 26-28 illustrate a sideview and a top view, respectively, of the extension 226 with anembodiment of the two outlet liquid distribution apparatus 228 receivedin the depression 232. Particularly, the supply channel 200 of theliquid distribution apparatus 228 is received in the forward section 250of the depression 232, and the two outlets (202 a, 202 b) are eachreceived in the respective first 246 and second 248 angularly orientatedsections. No portion of the liquid distribution apparatus 228 isreceived in the rearward section 244. In this implementation of theextension 226, the first and second angularly orientated sections (246,248) are swept rearwardly to conform to the orientation of the outlets(202 a, 202 b).

To distribute liquid into the furrow 110, the supply channel portion 200of the Y-shaped liquid distribution apparatus 228 is fluidly connectedwith the liquid supply hose 196. In one example, both the supply channel200 and the liquid supply hose 196 are inserted into a sleeve 256 sothat liquid 114 may flow from the supply hose 196 to the liquiddistribution apparatus 228. The outlets (202 a, 202 b) are arranged todistribute liquid 114 onto opposing sidewalls 122 of the furrow 110 wellabove the vertex region 120 where the majority of the seeds 112 arelocated.

The depression 232 locates the liquid distribution apparatus (228, 230)forwardly of the second eyelet 198 b. Other embodiments, such as thoseshown in FIGS. 6, 7, and others, illustrate the supply portion of theliquid distribution apparatus within the second eyelet 198 b, and theoutlets (202 a, 202 b) to the rear of the second eyelet 198 b. In theseembodiments, liquid 114 is distributed on the sidewalls 122 nearer tothe vertex 120 of the furrow 110. From the seed tube 128, the extension118 extends rearwardly and downwardly toward the vertex 120 of thefurrow 110. The extension 118 also narrows as it extends down into thefurrow 110. Referring again to FIGS. 26-28, by locating the outlets (202a, 202 b) forwardly of the second eyelet 198 b and generally furtherfrom the rear of the extension 226, the outlets (202 a, 202 b) arehigher on the extension 226. This causes the liquid 114 to bedistributed higher on the sidewalls 122 of the furrow 110 above theseeds 112 in the vertex region 120. In some instances, the outlets (202a, 202 b) are lengthened as compared with other implementations so thatthey extend to the sides (252, 254) of the extension along its widersections. By lengthening the outlets (202 a, 202 b), the distance orwidth between the outlets increases, which also causes liquid 114 to bedistributed higher on the sidewalls 122. As mentioned above, placing theliquid 114 higher on the sidewalls 122 and thus further from the seeds112 in the vertex 120 allows a higher concentration of liquid 114 to bedistributed in the furrow 110.

The extension 226 may include a clamp that secures the sleeve 256, thesupply hose 196, and the liquid distribution apparatus (228, 230) to theextension 226. The sleeve 256 is placed in the clamp 258 to receive theliquid supply hose 196 and the supply channel 200, and the clamp 258secures them together within the sleeve 256. By loosening the clamp 258,the various embodiments of the liquid distribution apparatus may beswapped out quickly and efficiently. For example, if the user desires tochange from a sidewall distribution configuration to a vertexdistribution configuration, then a two outlet configuration may beexchanged for a straight one outlet configuration (see FIGS. 29-30discussed below).

The clamp 258 may be a bracket 262 fixed to the sleeve 256 by way ofbolts 264, screws, or the like. To receive the bolts 264 or screws, theextension 226 may define a raised area 260 defining one or more threadedapertures. To facilitate repeated loosening and tightening of the clamp258, a threaded sleeve formed from a metallic or other durable materialmay be fixed within the apertures defined in the extension 226. Inanother alternative, a hinged clamp 266 may be used. The hinged clamp266 is fixed to the extension 226 along one side of the sleeve 256 andalso provided with a hinge 268. The clamp may then be arranged to pivotover the sleeve 256, and snap into a receiver 270 located on theopposite side of the sleeve 256.

FIGS. 29-30 illustrate a side view and a top view, respectively, of theextension 226 with a single outlet liquid distribution apparatus 230received in the depression 232. The single outlet distribution apparatus230, in one example, is a straight section of hose 272 defining an inlet274 and an outlet 276. The inlet 274 is fluidly connected with theliquid supply hose 196. The inlet region 274 is inserted in the sleeve256, which also receives the liquid supply hose 196. The sleeve 256, theinlet 274 of the straight hose 272, and the liquid supply hose 196 arethen secured to the extension 226 with the clamp 258. A portion 278 ofthe hose 272 between the inlet 274 and the outlet 276 is arranged withinthe second eyelet 198 b to further secure the hose 272 to the extension226. The outlet 276 of the hose 272 is arranged adjacent the very rearof the extension 226 to deposit liquid 114 on the seeds 112 located inthe vertex 120 region of the furrow 110.

The length of hose between the sleeve 256 and the second eyelet 198 b islocated in the continuous portion of the depression 232 running alongthe length of the extension 226 in front of the second eyelet 198 b. Thedepression 232 helps to locate the hose 272 when it is being inserted inthe sleeve 256, and also helps to secure the hose 272 to the extension226 during use so that it is not dislodged.

For a user to switch from the two outlet liquid distribution apparatus228 to the single outlet 230, or vice versa, the user first loosens theclamp 258. The user then removes the liquid distribution apparatus (228,230) by pulling it free from the sleeve 256. The new liquid distributionapparatus (228, 230) is then inserted into the sleeve 256, located inthe depression 232, and the clamp 258 tightened. Thus, removal andreplacement of liquid distribution apparatuses (228, 230) may beperformed quickly and efficiently by the user.

The depression 232 helps to locate the liquid distribution apparatus(228, 230) when it is being installed. To properly connect a liquiddistribution apparatus (228, 230) to an extension 226, after insertioninto the sleeve 256, but before clamping, the user places the liquiddistribution apparatus (228, 230) within the depression 232, and thenclamps it to the extension 226. Thus, the liquid distribution apparatus(228, 230) can be consistently located to the extension 226. This isespecially useful for the two outlet embodiment 228. It is important forthe outlets (202 a, 202 b) to be properly located to distribute liquid114 into the furrow 110. For example, if the outlets (202 a, 202 b) werearranged closer to the rear of the extension 226, then the liquid 114would be distributed closer to the vertex 120 of the furrow 110, whichmight cause damage to the seeds 112 if a high concentration liquid 114is used. The depression 232 ensures that the two outlets (202 a, 202 b)are always located along the same part of the extension 226. The usercan also verify that a liquid distribution apparatus (228, 230) has notbeen dislodged during use by determining whether the liquid distributionapparatus (228, 230) is located correctly within the depression 232.

While the extension 226 is being pulled through the furrow 110, it mayrun into any number of obstructions, such as the sidewalls 122, mud anddirt falling onto the extension 226, and rocks or other debris in thefurrow 110. Such obstructions may act to dislodge or dislocate theliquid distribution apparatus, which can result in liquid 114 beinginadvertently deposited in unintended regions of the furrow 110. Forexample, if the two outlet liquid distribution apparatus 228 isdislodged so that one of the outlets 202 is near the center of theextension 226, liquid 114 might be distributed on the seeds 112 when itwas intended to be distributed along the sidewall 122.

The depression 232 also helps to keep the liquid distribution apparatus(228, 230) consistently located along the extension 226 when variousobstructions are encountered during planting. Portions of the liquiddistribution apparatus (228, 230) are encompassed within the depression232, which protect those portions from contact with the obstructions. Inone implementation, the depression 232 is about half the height of theliquid distribution apparatus (228, 230). Thus, about half of the liquiddistribution apparatus (228, 230) is encompassed by the depression 232.Due to constraints of the plastic injection molding process, the depthsof the angularly oriented sections (246, 248) of the depression 232adjacent the sidewalls 242 may be shallower.

In alternate embodiments of the invention, other structures for securingthe liquid distribution apparatus (228, 230) to an extension are alsopossible. For example, as shown in the exploded isometric view of FIG.31 and the assembled isometric view of FIG. 32, an extension 290 may beemployed having a pair of protrusions 292 deployed to retain orotherwise secure the liquid distribution apparatus 228. In oneparticular implementation, the protrusions 292 are formed on oppositesides of a centerline 293 along the length of the upper surface 291 ofthe lower segment 299 of the extension 290. Each protrusion 292 isconfigured to receive a screw 294 by way of an aperture 295. Theprotrusions 292 are a polymer-based material formed through injectionmolding along with the remainder of the extension 290, in an example.

The protrusions 292 shown are generally of an upstanding elongaterectangular arrangement. Other shapes and sizes are also possible. Forexample, the protrusions may define a prong, the protrusion may extendfor a greater or lesser length along the upper surface, and theprotrusions may be of differing height.

As shown further in FIGS. 31 and 32, a two outlet liquid distributionapparatus 228, along with a liquid supply hose 196 fluidly connected tothe supply channel 200 of the liquid distribution apparatus 228, isplaced between the protrusions 292. A retaining plate 296 having a hole297 corresponding to the aperture 295 of each protrusion 292 is thenplaced atop the protrusions 292 so that each hole 297 aligns with theaperture 295. A screw 294 is then rotated into the aperture 295 of eachof the protrusions 292, thereby immovably affixing the liquiddistribution apparatus 228 to the extension 290. The aperture 295 may bethreaded or not, depending on whether the screws 294 employed are of aself-tapping nature.

The use of the screws 294 allow the rapid changing of one type of liquiddistribution apparatus 228 for another while allowing a secureattachment between the liquid distribution apparatus 228 and theextension 290. Alternate embodiments may employ different types offasteners, such as posts, clips, and other structures to secure theliquid distribution apparatus 228 between the protrusions 292.

In alternate embodiments, the protrusions 292 may each also include aflange 298, as indicated in FIGS. 31 and 32, oriented parallel to andalong opposite sides of the supply channel 200 of the liquiddistribution apparatus 228, further helping to maintain the liquiddistribution apparatus 228 in a stationary position, even when theliquid distribution apparatus 228 makes contact with soil, rocks, andother debris while traveling within the seed furrow. Therefore,attaching the liquid distribution apparatus 228 to the extension 290 insuch a secure manner aids in the consistent application of variousliquids, such as water, fertilizers, insecticides, starters andinoculants, to the desired area of the seed furrow.

In addition to the advantage of immovably securing the liquiddistribution apparatus 228, the protrusions 292, along with theirassociated flanges 298, help divert soil, rocks, and other debris awayfrom the liquid distribution device 228 while traveling within the seedfurrow to prevent inordinate wear of the liquid distribution apparatus228.

The protrusions 292 typically are spaced at such a distance that theliquid distribution apparatus 228 fits snugly between the protrusions292 to further aid in preventing the liquid distribution apparatus 228from rotating or sliding in relation to the extension 290.

Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 33, a retaining plate 300 may define apair of downwardly extending prongs 302 adapted to snap intocorresponding apertures 304 defined in the sidewalls 306 of a protrusion292. Removal of the plate is achieved by imposing a downward force onthe upper surface of the plate 300 to cause the prongs 302 to flareoutwardly and disengage from the apertures 304 in the protrusionsidewalls 306.

In still other embodiments, the protrusions 292 may define an inwardflange 308 (as shown in FIG. 34) or an inward curve along the top edge.In either arrangement, the spacing between the lower portions of theprotrusions 292 is greater than between upper portions. Arranged assuch, with spacing so that the diameter of the supply tube 196 isgreater than that between the upper portions of the protrusions 292, theliquid distribution apparatus 228 may be pressed between the protrusionsand retained by the top portions or flanges 308 of the protrusions 292.Thus, in either arrangement a retaining plate may not be necessary.

Although FIGS. 31-34 indicate the use of the two outlet liquiddistribution apparatus 228, which is typically used for application ofliquids to the sidewalls of the seed furrow, other devices, such as theone outlet liquid distribution device 230, as described above, may beused in conjunction with these embodiments to allow the distribution ofliquid at the bottom of the seed furrow. Furthermore, both a one outletand two outlet liquid distribution device (228, 230) may be usedsimultaneously where taller protrusions 292 are employed.

In other alternate embodiments of the invention, other liquiddistribution apparatuses for use with an extension are also possible.For example, as shown in the isometric view of FIG. 35 and the side viewof FIG. 36, a liquid distribution apparatus may take the form of a fluiddistribution member 352 secured to the extension 118 and fluidlyconnected to a fluid coupler 354, which in turn may be fluidly connectedto a liquid supply hose 196. The fluid coupler 354 may be any suitablehose connector, including, but not limited to, a polypropylene NPTF Useries female connector sold by G.A. Murdock, Inc. of Madison, S. Dak.The fluid distribution member 352 may be formed from polymer basedmaterial, metal, or other suitable material.

Similar to the embodiments described above with reference to FIGS.31-34, the extension 118 may include a pair of protrusions 292 deployedto retain or otherwise secure the fluid distribution member 352 to theextension 118. The protrusions 292 may be formed and configured in amanner similar to any of the protrusions described previously. Forexample, each protrusion 292 may be configured to receive a screw by wayof an aperture, and may be a polymer-based material formed throughinjection molding along with the remainder of the extension 118.

As further shown in FIGS. 35 and 36, the fluid distribution member 352is placed between the protrusions 292. A retaining plate 296 havingholes 297 corresponding to the aperture of each protrusion 292 is thenplaced atop the protrusions 292 so that each hole 297 aligns with theaperture. A screw is then rotated into the aperture of each of theprotrusions 292, thereby securing the fluid distribution member 352 tothe extension 118. The aperture may be threaded or not, depending onwhether the screws employed are of a self-tapping nature.

As described above, screws allow rapid changing of one type of liquiddistribution apparatus for another while securely attaching the liquiddistribution apparatus to the extension 118. Alternate embodiments mayemploy different types of fasteners, such as posts, clips, and otherstructures to secure the fluid distribution member 352 between theprotrusions 292, or otherwise secure the fluid distribution member tothe extension 118 should protrusions 292 not be included.

Turning to FIGS. 37 and 38, the fluid distribution member 352 mayinclude a body portion 356, which may appear as a non-symmetricalpentagon when viewed from the side. The front portion 358 of the fluiddistribution member 352 may slope downwardly to allow a second liquidhose (not shown) to run over the fluid distribution member 352 andthrough the eyelet 198 b. The body portion 356, however, may take anydesired shape so long as at least a portion of the body portion 356 fitsbetween the protrusions 292, such as shown, for example, in FIG. 35, inmembers configured to work in conjunction with the protrusions 292. Toenhance the attachment of the fluid distribution member 352 to theextension 118 in a secure manner, the body portion 356 may be sized forsnug receipt between the protrusions 292. In some embodiments, theprotrusions 292 may each also include a flange 298, as indicated inFIGS. 35 and 36, oriented parallel to and along opposite sides of thefluid distribution member 352, further helping to maintain the fluiddistribution member 352 in a stationary position, even when the fluiddistribution member 352 makes contact with soil, rocks, and other debriswhile traveling within the seed furrow.

Referring back to FIGS. 37 and 38, a pair of spaced apart, parallelwalls 360 may extend upwardly from an upper surface of the body portion356. The walls 360 may extend along substantially the entire width ofbody portion 356 of the fluid distribution member 352 as shown in FIG.38, or along only a portion of the width. The walls 360 are spacedsufficiently apart to receive the retainer plate 296 therebetween asshown in FIG. 35. Together, the retainer plate 296 and the walls 360help to prevent the fluid distribution member 352 from moving relativeto the extension 118 along the length of the extension 118.

With reference to FIGS. 35, 37 and 38, a generally cylindrical threadedshaft 362 extends from an end of the body portion 356. The threadedshaft 362 mates with threads formed on the fluid coupler 354 to join thefluid coupler 354 to the fluid distribution member 352. The shaft 362may be externally threaded as shown in the figures, or may be internallythreaded to mate with a male threaded connector on the fluid coupler354. In other embodiments, the fluid coupler 354 may be joined to thefluid distribution member 352 by other methods, such as press fit,welding, and so on. Using a threaded connection to join the fluidcoupler 354 to the fluid distribution member 352 allows for rapidlyconnecting a different fluid coupler 354 to the fluid distributionmember 352, or vice versa. It is also possible to press the hose 196over the shaft thereby avoiding use of the fluid coupler 354.

An end portion of the threaded shaft 362 defines a fluid inlet 364 forreceiving liquid from the liquid distribution hose 196 via the fluidcoupler 354. More particularly, liquid flows to the fluid inlet 364 ofthe fluid distribution member 352 from the liquid supply hose 196through the fluid coupler 354, which is joined at one end to the liquidsupply hose 196 and at an opposite end to the fluid distribution member352.

The fluid inlet 364 of the fluid distribution member 352 fluidlycommunicates with a fluid outlet 366 defined in a bottom surface of thefluid distribution member 352 via a fluid passage 368 defined in thethreaded shaft 362 and the body portion 356 of the fluid distributionmember 352. Thus, liquid may flow from the fluid inlet 364 to the fluidoutlet 366, or vice versa, through the fluid distribution member 352.

The fluid distribution member 352 is placed on the extension 118 suchthat the fluid outlet 364 of the fluid distribution member 352 alignswith a fluid hole 370 formed in the extension 118 as shown in FIG. 36.The fluid hole 370 extends from the upper to the lower surface of theextension 118 to deliver liquid exiting from the fluid outlet 366 of thefluid distribution member 352 to the bottom of the furrow. If desired,the fluid hole 352 may extend through the extension 118 at a downwardlysloping angle.

As the extension 118 is pulled through the furrow, mud and dirt may fallonto the extension 118. The fluid distribution member 352, which coversthe upper end of the fluid hole 370, prevents the fluid hole 370 frombeing clogged by mud and dirt that may fall on the extension 118.

Turning to FIGS. 36 and 39, the bottom surface of the body portion 356may be concavely curved to match with the convexly curved upper surfaceof the extension 118 to form a tight fit between the adjacent surfacesof the fluid distribution member 352 and the extension 118. Such a tightconforming fit minimizes liquid leakage through the joint formed betweenthe fluid distribution member 352 and the extension 118, thus helping toensure that liquid from the liquid supply hose 196 primarily flowsthrough the fluid hole 370 in the extension 118 and into the bottomportion of the seed furrow.

In an alternative embodiment shown in FIGS. 40 and 41, the fluiddistribution member 352 may secured to the extension 118 without using aretaining plate 370. In the alternate embodiment, the fluid distributionmember 352 further includes two flanges 372, each flange 372 extendingfrom opposite side of the fluid distribution member 352 and defining ahole 374 configured to align with a hole in the protrusions 292 whenplaced on the protrusions 292. The aligned holes each receive a fastener294 for securely joining the fluid distribution member 352 to theextension 118.

While various embodiments of the invention have been particularly shownand described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art thatvarious other changes in the form and details may be made withoutdeparting from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is definedby the following claims.

1. An extension for use with a farm machine for properly placing seeds in a seed furrow, the farm machine including a liquid supply hose for distributing liquid into the seed furrow, the seed furrow having a centrally located bottom portion and a first sidewall and a second sidewall, the first sidewall and the second sidewall extending upwardly and outwardly from the centrally located bottom portion of the seed furrow, said extension comprising: an elongate flexible body member defining a generally arcuate shape which provides a generally downwardly and rearwardly sweeping orientation, and also defining an upper segment and a lower segment; the upper segment attachable to the farm machine; the lower segment comprising an upper surface and a lower surface; the lower segment defining a hole extending from the upper surface to the lower surface; the lower segment configured to depend downwardly and rearwardly from the farm machine and extendible into the furrow; and a fluid distribution member comprising a fluid inlet in fluid communication with the liquid supply hose and a fluid outlet in fluid communication with the hole.
 2. The extension of claim 1, further comprising a means for securely attaching the fluid distribution member to the extension.
 3. The extension of claim 1, wherein the farm machine comprises a furrow opener.
 4. The extension of claim 1, wherein the farm machine comprises a seed tube.
 5. The extension of claim 1, wherein the lower segment further comprises a lower surface including a concave shape.
 6. The extension of claim 1, wherein the lower segment defines a decreasing width dimension between a first side and a second side.
 7. The extension of claim 1, wherein the fluid distribution member further comprises at least one flange.
 8. The extension of claim 7, wherein the at least one flange defines an aperture for receiving a fastener to secure the fluid distribution member to the extension.
 9. The extension of claim 1, further comprising a fluid coupler operatively associated with the fluid distribution member.
 10. The extension of claim 1, further comprising the fluid coupler operatively associated with the liquid supply hose.
 11. The extension of claim 1, wherein liquid is discharged directly from the hole and into the seed furrow.
 12. The extension of claim 1, wherein the fluid distribution member is positioned on an upper surface of the lower segment of the extension.
 13. An extension for use with a farm machine for properly placing seeds in a seed furrow, the farm machine including a liquid supply hose for distributing liquid into the seed furrow, the seed furrow having a centrally located bottom portion and a first sidewall and a second sidewall, the first sidewall and the second sidewall extending upwardly and outwardly from the centrally located bottom portion of the seed furrow, said extension comprising: an elongate flexible body member defining a generally arcuate shape which provides a generally downwardly and rearwardly sweeping orientation, and also defining an upper segment and a lower segment; the upper segment attachable to the farm machine; the lower segment comprising an upper surface and a lower surface; the lower segment defining a hole extending from the upper surface to the lower surface; the lower segment configured to depend downwardly and rearwardly from the farm machine and extendible into the furrow; a fluid distribution member comprising a fluid inlet in fluid communication with the liquid supply hose and a fluid outlet in fluid communication with the hole; a means for securely attaching the fluid distribution member to the extension; and first and second protrusions extending upwardly from the upper surface of the lower segment, the first and second protrusions configured to support the fluid distribution member therebetween.
 14. The extension of claim 13, wherein the upper surface defines a centerline along a length of the lower segment, the first and second protrusions being located on opposing sides of the centerline.
 15. The extension of claim 13, wherein the first and second protrusions each define an aperture configured to receive a fastener for securing a retainer plate to the first and second protrusions.
 16. The extension of claim 15, wherein the fastener comprises a screw.
 17. The extension of claim 13, wherein the first and second protrusions each include a flange oriented parallel to the centerline of the upper surface.
 18. The extension of claim 13, further comprising: a retainer plate secured to the first and second protrusions.
 19. The extension of claim 15, further comprising: at least one fastener received by at least one of the first and second protrusions to secure the retainer plate against the first and second protrusions, whereby the fluid distribution member is securely attached to the extension.
 20. An extension for use with a farm machine for properly placing seeds in a seed furrow, the farm machine including a liquid supply hose for distributing liquid into the seed furrow, the seed furrow having a centrally located bottom portion and a first sidewall and a second sidewall, the first sidewall and the second sidewall extending upwardly and outwardly from the centrally located bottom portion of the seed furrow, said extension comprising: an elongate flexible body member defining a generally arcuate shape which provides a generally downwardly and rearwardly sweeping orientation, and also defining an upper segment and a lower segment; the upper segment attachable to the farm machine; the lower segment comprising an upper surface and a lower surface; the lower segment defining a hole extending from the upper surface to the lower surface; the lower segment configured to depend downwardly and rearwardly from the farm machine and extendible into the furrow; a fluid distribution member comprising a fluid inlet in fluid communication with the liquid supply hose, a fluid outlet in fluid communication with the hole, and at least one flange defining an aperture for receiving a fastener to secure the fluid distribution member to the extension; and at least one protrusion extending from the upper surface of the lower segment and defining a second aperture for receiving the fastener. 